When you go in for your annual eye exam, your optometrist will be looking for a number of different eye diseases. Some of the most common eye diseases are cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and dry eye syndrome. Keep reading to learn more about diseases in detail and how to protect yourself from them.

Cataracts

Cataracts are a clouding of the eye’s natural lens, which can lead to vision loss. This is one of the most common causes of vision loss in people over the age of 65. Symptoms include blurry or double vision and difficulty seeing at night. You can prevent cataracts by not smoking cigarettes and  wearing UV protective eyewear.

Treatment for cataracts typically involves surgery to remove the cataract and replace the lens with a clear artificial one. The operation can be performed at any stage of cataract development. Most people choose to have their cataracts removed when the change in their vision starts to cause them difficulties in everyday life.

Glaucoma

Glaucoma is an eye disease in which the pressure inside the eye becomes too high, damaging the optic nerve and possibly leading to vision loss. The most common symptom of glaucoma is peripheral vision loss, although some people may also experience tunnel vision or complete blindness. It’s caused by increased pressure in the eye, and it’s typically treated with medications or surgery. Symptoms of glaucoma include blurred vision, halos around lights, and decreased peripheral vision.

Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the part of the eye responsible for detailed central vision. It’s caused by damage to the macula, which can lead to vision loss. You can prevent macular degeneration by getting regular eye exams, maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle, and wearing protective eyewear. Symptoms include blurred or distorted central vision, difficulty reading, and trouble recognizing faces. Treatment typically includes lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise, as well as medication or surgery.

Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is an eye disease caused by high blood sugar levels in people with diabetes. It can lead to vision loss if left untreated. Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy include blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, and floaters in the field of vision. Treatment typically involves controlling blood sugar levels and laser treatments.

Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome is a condition caused by an insufficient production of tears. This is caused by either a decrease in tear production or an increase in tear evaporation. It can lead to redness, itching, and discomfort in the eyes. Treatment typically involves lifestyle changes such as reducing screen time and wearing sunglasses when outside. Additionally, over-the-counter eye drops may be used to help relieve symptoms. Symptoms include redness, burning, stinging, or itching eyes, as well as blurred vision. Treatment typically includes the use of artificial tears and medications to help stimulate tear production. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as avoiding smoke and windy environments can help reduce symptoms.

Get your eyes checked in Johns Creek, Georgia!

These are just five of the most common eye diseases optometrists look for when you go in for your annual exam. It’s important to get regular checkups so that any problems can be caught early on and treated accordingly. If you experience any of the above mentioned symptoms, be sure to contact the eyecare professionals at John’s Creek Eyecare and start taking the necessary steps to protect your vision can help you live a healthy, vibrant life.